In the past, diabetes was a disease that was familiar to elderly people. That’s because the majority of diabetics are elderly. However, this condition is no longer valid today.
Now, many children suffer from this blood sugar disease. Head of the IDAI Endocrinology Coordination Work Unit, dr. Muhammad Faiz, Sp. AK revealed that cases of diabetes mellitus in children are increasing globally and in Indonesia.
Of the 1,645 pediatric patients, at least 59 percent were girls.
The number of cases of diabetes mellitus was donated from 13 regions in Indonesia. Some of them are big cities, such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Manado, Medan, Yogyakarta, Bandung, and Palembang.
This data is a reflection for Mom and Dad to pay more attention to parenting and family eating patterns.
Is the food that Mom serves the recommended nutritional doses?
Thevolume.net has summarized the causes and signs of diabetes in children. Here’s the full review!
Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
The vulnerable age of diabetes mellitus mostly affects children aged 10-14 years as much as 46 percent. The rest includes children aged 5-9 years as much as 32 percent, aged 0-4 years around 19 percent, and another 3 percent are children aged more than 14 years.
Data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenkes RI) notes that Indonesia occupies the fifth position as the country with the most diabetes sufferers in the world. This fact is a warning for parents to correct their child’s nutritional intake.
Do not eat too many sweet foods that can result in increased blood sugar levels. dr. Dana Nur Prihadi, Sp. A(K), M. Kes, MH said that there are two types of diabetes mellitus or DM that your little one usually suffers from, namely type 1 and type 2.
DM type 1
Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which the pancreas is unable to produce the insulin the body needs. The hormone insulin plays an important role in regulating the entry of blood sugar levels in the body.
In addition, insulin also functions to distribute carbohydrates throughout the body.
“Type 1 DM, where there is interference or damage, is the manufacturer, namely the pancreas gland. Usually due to autoimmune factors, “explained dr. Fund.
DM type 2
While type 2 diabetes mellitus is similar to that suffered by adults, namely the resistance of the cells that raise the hormone insulin. Diabetes is a chronic disease or a lifelong disease.
Until now there is no medicine to treat diabetes. Patients can only do self-medication in the form of insulin injections.
3 Main Factors Causing Diabetes in Children
Many factors cause children to experience high blood sugar levels. At the Chat (Healthy Chat) event held at the Standard Chartered Tower, Jakarta, Prof. Dr. Ir. Ujang Sumarwan, M,Sc revealed that diet is the “reason” for many people to have diabetes and even other diseases.
He also said that everyone should understand what we eat and its impact on health. Not only that, it should not only be sick people (diabetes) who are good at calculating food intake. But healthy people must also be able to keep their nutrition balanced and avoid chronic diseases.
There are at least three main causes of diabetes in children, including:
1. Autoimmune
2. Genetic or hereditary factors.
dr. Dana said that babies born to parents who have diabetes will usually have their blood sugar checked immediately. In addition, checks will also be carried out on babies born weighing more than 4,000 grams or 4.00 kg.
3. Lifestyle
The habit of consuming prepared food and drinks and fast food can cause diabetes mellitus. This is because of the large amount of sugar content.
In the field, the sugar industry is used as a food preservative. Soft drinks also have great potential to cause diabetes in children.
Signs Your Child Has Diabetes
A doctor who treats children with diabetes a lot, dr. Dana said that most of the pediatric patients came in through the Emergency Room (IGD). The reason is, blood sugar levels that are too high will cause several symptoms that are almost similar to the characteristics of other diseases.
“For example, he thinks he has shortness of breath with pneumonia or pneumonia. Severe abdominal pain is mistaken for appendicitis. Seizures are mistaken for an infection of the lining of the brain. It turned out that after being checked, it turned out that the child had diabetes mellitus,” he added.
However, signs of diabetes in children can also be recognized by Mom as early as possible. Because every disease will certainly give certain characteristics. Clinical manifestations of typical symptoms that appear in children with diabetes include:
- Often thirsty
- Frequent urination (BAK)
- High appetite
- Weight loss or underweight child
Complications That Can Occur Due to Type 1 Diabetes
Furthermore, dr. Dana explained that diabetes is not just a deadly and dangerous disease, but also a factor for other chronic diseases.
This means that when you have diabetes, you have the potential to suffer from other health problems. Here are some of the effects of type 1 diabetes complications, namely:
- Short Term: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia
- Long Term: Naktivascular (heart and blood vessel disease) and microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy)
- Other Complications and Related Conditions: Developmental, growth, and pubertal disorders, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, lipodystrophy, gastropathy, vitiligo, and joint movement disorders
Appropriate Nutrition Fulfillment Rates so that Blood Sugar Remains Normal
Calls to consume balanced food are often campaigned for the sake of creating a healthy body. However, sometimes information related to daily nutritional doses is not socialized properly. As a result, there are still many people who are confused about proper daily nutrition.
In the Ngobras session, dr. Dana explained how to calculate daily nutritional doses. Where this nutritional intake consists of 50-55 percent carbohydrates, 15-20 percent protein, and 30 percent fat. These needs are divided into delicious eating sessions, including:
- Breakfast: 20 percent
- Morning snack: 10 percent
- Lunch: 25 percent
- Afternoon snack: 10 percent
- Dinner: 25 percent
- Evening snack: 10 percent
Calorie needs = 1,000 + (years of age × 100) cal
For more suitable results, you can consult a nutritionist or nutritionist.
Thus, a review regarding the causes and signs of diabetes in children. Pediatricians and IPB lecturers agree that a poor lifestyle has the potential to cause a child to develop diabetes. Especially the habit of consuming soda and prepared food.
